Medications for IBD: Biologics

Overview: Biologics are manufactured through a biological process (rather than chemical process, as in pharmaceutical drugs) using human, animal, or microorganism sources. In Crohn’s and colitis, Biologics bind up inflammatory signals and inhibit the immune system’s ability to attack the bowels.  Types:  Anti-TNF drugs Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a key role in the inflammatory response and the disease process. Importantly, TNF-α contributes to oxidative stress in inflammation sites.  Anti-TNF drugs attach to TNF-α to prevent if from causing inflammation  Remicade (infliximab):  Infusions (injected slowly into the vein) every 6-8 weeks at a treatment facility First biologic used in treatment of Crohn’s and colitis, over 10 years ago  Engineered from 75% human protein, 25% mouse protein Animal protein derived anti-TNF drugs increase risk of reaction, although human proteins can cause a reaction too  Systemic immunosuppressive  Entyvio  Suppresses Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) Selective effect on the gut, not a systemic immunosuppressive  Humira (adalimumab): can choose self-administered shots at home Engineered from human protein  Systemic immunosuppressive Cimzia (certolizumab pegol): can choose self-administered shots at home  Engineered from human protein  Other biologics (not anti-TNF): Tysabri (natalizumab) There is another type of protein at inflammation sites that white blood […]